ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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Year : 2016 | Volume
: 9
| Issue : 6 | Page : 690-694 |
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Neuropsychiatric manifestation of celiac disease: A case-control study in North India
Mahendra Nimel1, Charan Singh Jilowa2, Krishan Kumar Sharma2, Omprakash Choudhary2
1 Department of Paediatrics, JLN Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India 2 Department of Psychiatry, JLN Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
Correspondence Address:
Krishan Kumar Sharma Department of Psychiatry, JLN Medical College, Ajmer, Rajasthan India
Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0975-2870.194183
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Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease dependent on gluten. Prevalence of CD is about 1% and beside gastrointestinal complaints, neuropsychiatric symptoms may represent an atypical feature of CD. Some studies suggest that a gluten-free diet is effective in treating them. Settings and Design: This case-control study of 49 cases was done during the period of January to March 2013. Aim: To know the spectrum of psychiatric manifestations and cognitive functions in children with CD. Materials and Methods: We took 49 diagnosed cases of CD (based on the demonstration of IgA tissue transglutaminase antibodies and duodenal biopsy) and compared with demographically matched control group (n = 50) on Seguin Form Board Test for cognitive functions and Behavioral Summarized Evaluation-Revised scale for assessment of psychiatric and behavior disturbances. All possible psychiatric diagnosis was made on the basis of International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems-Tenth Revision criteria. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analyses were done by using Chi-square test and two-tailed P-values. Results: Neuropsychiatric manifestations were seen in 29% of cases as against 4% of controls which was statistically significant (P=0.001). Only four cases and 1 control fount to be mild mental retardation (P = 0.16). Autism, dyslexia, developmental delay, disruptive behavior disorder, and tic disorder present in cases were not found. Conclusion: Clinical manifestations of CD vary from typical malabsorption syndrome to neuropsychiatric manifestations. Those psychiatric patients who are not responding to standard pharmacological modalities, a diagnosis of CD should be taken into consideration. Only behavioral problem can be the sole clinical manifestation of CD. |
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